Quotulatiousness

January 24, 2021

The Great Wine Blight

Filed under: France, Greece, History, Italy, Middle East, Science, USA, Wine — Tags: , — Nicholas @ 02:00

The History Guy: History Deserves to Be Remembered
Published 9 Sep 2020

In the 19th century, the Great Wine Blight threatened the very existence of grapes. But the pestilence brought into Europe by American vines was eradicated by the use of those very same vines. The History Guy recalls how American indigenous vines saved the wine industry, and how you can help to preserve its future.

This is original content based on research by The History Guy. Images in the Public Domain are carefully selected and provide illustration. As very few images of the actual event are available in the Public Domain, images of similar objects and events are used for illustration.

Special thanks to Stone Hill Winery, Hermann, Missouri:
https://stonehillwinery.com

You can purchase the bow tie worn in this episode at The Tie Bar:

https://www.thetiebar.com/

All events are portrayed in historical context and for educational purposes. No images or content are primarily intended to shock and disgust. Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it. Non censuram.

Find The History Guy at:
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/TheHistoryGuy

The History Guy: History Deserves to Be Remembered is the place to find short snippets of forgotten history from five to fifteen minutes long. If you like history too, this is the channel for you.

Awesome The History Guy merchandise is available at:

teespring.com/stores/the-history-guy

Script by CDH

#history #thehistoryguy #wine

January 3, 2021

First Arab – Israeli War 1948

Filed under: History, Middle East, Military — Tags: , , , , , , — Nicholas @ 02:00

Kings and Generals
Published 31 Aug 2019

Support our channel and install the free-to-play PC game World of Tanks to get the in-game gifts: http://patron.me/KingsAndGeneralsWoT

Previously in our animated historical documentary series on modern warfare we have covered the Six-Day War of 1967, also known as the Third Arab-Israeli War http://bit.ly/30NfTOy This new 3d documentary will explain the events of the First Arab-Israeli War, which was fought in 1948-1949.

Creation of Israel: http://bit.ly/2ZApWFi
Arab countries after the World War II: http://bit.ly/2ZBW0bX
First Arab – Israeli War of 1948 – Political episode: http://bit.ly/2zyjAvs

Support us on Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/KingsandGenerals or Paypal: http://paypal.me/kingsandgenerals

We are grateful to our patrons and sponsors, who made this video possible: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1Jlq…

The video was made by our friend Leif Sick, while the script was written by Matt Hollis.

This video was narrated by Officially Devin (https://www.youtube.com/user/Official…)

✔ Merch store ► teespring.com/stores/kingsandgenerals
✔ Podcast ► Google Play: http://bit.ly/2QDF7y0 iTunes: https://apple.co/2QTuMNG
✔ Twitter ► https://twitter.com/KingsGenerals
✔ Instagram ► http://www.instagram.com/Kings_Generals

Sources:
Efraim Karsh – The Arab-Israeli Conflict: The Palestine War 1948
Benny Morris – A History of the First Arab-Israeli War 1948
Ahron Bregman – Israel’s Wars: A History Since 1947

Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: http://www.epidemicsound.com

#Documentary #ArabIsraeliWar #ColdWar

QotD: Literary stasis in the Byzantine empire

Filed under: Europe, Greece, History, Middle East, Quotations — Tags: , , , , — Nicholas @ 01:00

Undoubtedly, the Mediaeval Romans – now exclusively Greek in their language – made little effort to be original in their literature. They had virtually the whole body of Classical Greek literature in their libraries and in their heads. For them, this was both a wonderful possession and a fetter on the imagination. It was in their language, and not in their language. Any educated person could understand it. But the language had moved on – changes of pronunciation and dynamics and vocabulary. The classics were the accepted model for composition. But to write like the ancients was furiously hard. Imagine a world in which we spoke Standard English, but felt compelled, for everything above a short e-mail, to write in the language of Shakespeare and the Authorised Version of the Bible. Some of us might manage a good pastiche. Most of us would simply memorise the whole of the Bible, and, overlooking its actual content, write by adapting and rearranging remembered clauses. It would encourage an original literature. Because Latin soon became a completely foreign language in the West – and because we in England were so barbarous, we had to write in our own language – Western Mediaeval literature is often a fine thing. The Mediaeval Romans never had a dark age in our sense. Their historians in the fifteenth century wrote up the fall of Constantinople to the Turks in the same language as Thucydides. Poor Greeks.

Sean Gabb, “The Mediaeval Roman Empire: An Unlikely Emergence and Survival”, SeanGabb.co.uk, 2018-09-14.

January 2, 2021

History Summarized: Mesopotamia — The Bronze Age

Filed under: History, Humour, Middle East — Tags: , , , , , — Nicholas @ 04:00

Overly Sarcastic Productions
Published 22 Feb 2019

Let’s spin the clock way back to the beginning of urbanized civilization, and learn about the long history of Mesopotamia from the dawn of the city to the collapse of the last Sumerian empire.

This video is part of The Bronze Age collaboration.
Find 10 other great videos with this playlist: https://goo.gl/4JLV8s
Previous video — Cynical Historian: https://youtu.be/xSDn0HSXjgo
Next video — Epimetheus: https://youtu.be/-RrAoL_PVmo

Further reading: “Babylon: Mesopotamia and the Birth of Civilization” By Paul Kriwaczek: https://goo.gl/nyQAdS

PATREON: www.patreon.com/OSP

MERCH LINKS:
Shirts – https://overlysarcasticproducts.threa…
All the other stuff – http://www.cafepress.com/OverlySarcas…

December 22, 2020

QotD: The foundational weirdness of Judeo/Christian/Islamic religions

Filed under: History, Middle East, Quotations, Religion — Tags: , , , — Nicholas @ 01:00

One of my regular commenters asked, in a previous thread, “If everyone was truly released from the shackles of religion, and got beyond the false moral codes imposed on them, would society collapse in a heap of nihilism?” This question needs a longer answer than will fit in a reply comment.

The shortest summary is “No!” The less short answer is: “No, because religious moral codes are epiphenomenal.” And it is on point to add that the question reveals serious ignorance of the actual traits of most religions over most of history.

I’ll address the historical point first. The commenter’s question was framed from within the assumptions of one particular family of religions: the Judeo/Christian/Islamic tradition, which are more succinctly describable as the bastard offspring of Zoroastrian dualism. In this family, “religion” bundles cosmology, theology, and morality into a single total system designed primarily to enforce norms by programming the believer with an internalized guilt machine.

Because the dominant religions of the modern West are all derived from this group, it is difficult for Westerners to understand how bizarre and exceptional these religions are in a broader context. Most religions are not total systems. Most religions do not tie morality to cosmology. In fact, most religions have very little to say about morality at all!

Consider, for example, an Altaic shaman. It’s not his job to pronounce on who should sleep with who, or to tell people that theft is wrong. It’s not even his job to tell people that they must worship Tengri or Kara-han; dealing with the gods is his specialty, thank you. His job combines aspects of psychologist and medic with a bit of divination. The closest analog of “morality”, in his culture, is a set of inherited customs and taboos which is reinforced by explanatory myths but not generated by them and not really dependent on them. The closest equivalent of religious structures about right and wrong is an elaborate set of rules about ritual purity and impurity. In the jargon of the field, his religion is an orthopraxy rather than an orthodoxy.

Over most human cultures in most human history, “religion” has been much more like Altaic shamanism than like Christianity, Judaism, or Islam. Er, so why didn’t these cultures “collapse in a heap of nihilism”? The same question actually applies to modern religions outside the post-Zoroastrian family. Buddhism and Hinduism, for example, are almost completely unconcerned with “morality”. Hinduism is organized around ritual purity and impurity; Buddhism’s quest for merit is about liberation of the self from attachments, not about duties one owes to God or others.

Eric S. Raymond, “If God is dead, is anything permissible?”, Armed and Dangerous, 2010-02-10.

December 19, 2020

History-Makers: Ibn Khaldun

Filed under: Africa, Books, History, Humour, Middle East — Tags: , , , , , , — Nicholas @ 04:00

Overly Sarcastic Productions
Published 18 Dec 2020

Big thanks to our friend Al-Muqaddimah for his help with this video. The look of this video’s maps is an homage to his wonderful mapmaking style. For more Islamic History, check out his channel here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCf0O…

From the coast of Tunisia across the Straits of Gibraltar, over the Atlas Mountains, and east to the Nile of Egypt, Ibn Khaldun had certainly seen history at work. That experience came in handy as he wrote The Muqaddimah, a genre-defining masterwork of Historiography — not just retelling the events of the past, but explaining their causes and effects through the lens of human behavior and sociology.

SOURCES & Further Reading: Ibn Khaldun: An Intellectual Biography by Irwin, The Muqaddimah

This video was edited by Sophia Ricciardi AKA “Indigo”. https://www.sophiakricci.com/

Our content is intended for teenage audiences and up.

PATREON: https://www.Patreon.com/OSP

PODCAST: https://overlysarcasticpodcast.transi…

DISCORD: https://discord.gg/osp

MERCH LINKS: http://rdbl.co/osp

OUR WEBSITE: https://www.OverlySarcasticProductions.com
Find us on Twitter https://www.Twitter.com/OSPYouTube
Find us on Reddit https://www.Reddit.com/r/OSP/

December 15, 2020

History Summarized: Spread of Christianity

Filed under: Europe, History, Middle East, Religion — Tags: , , , , , , , , — Nicholas @ 02:00

Overly Sarcastic Productions
Published 10 Jan 2017

Things I learned when making this video: 1) when your script goes beyond 4 single-spaced pages, you’re heading into the danger zone 2) Gregorian Chants are awesome and you should totally listen to them, 3) editing always takes longer than you’d hope 4) self care is huffing frankincense for breakfast lunch and dinner and single-handedly sacking a levantine city!

Have a question about something I mentioned, or maybe something I might have left out? Leave it down below and I’ll do my best to respond!

PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/OSP

MERCH LINKS:
Shirts – https://overlysarcasticproducts.threa…
All the other stuff – http://www.cafepress.com/OverlySarcas…

Find us on Twitter @OSPYouTube!
twitter.com/OSPyoutube

December 5, 2020

The Fall of the Byzantine Empire — History Summarized

Filed under: Europe, History, Humour, Middle East, Military — Tags: , , , , , , , — Nicholas @ 04:00

Overly Sarcastic Productions
Published 4 Dec 2020

At long last, the concluding chapter of Roman history! Let’s tie the bow on Byzantine Constantinople as the empire comes to an end, slightly earlier than we might think, but far later than anybody ever could have expected.

SOURCES & Further Reading: Byzantium: The Decline and Fall & A Short History of Byzantium by John Julius Norwich, Osman’s Dream by Finkel, https://www.ancient.eu/Despotate_of_t…

This video was edited by Sophia Ricciardi AKA “Indigo”. https://www.sophiakricci.com/

Our content is intended for teenage audiences and up.

PATREON: https://www.Patreon.com/OSP

PODCAST: https://overlysarcasticpodcast.transi…

DISCORD: https://discord.gg/osp

MERCH LINKS: http://rdbl.co/osp

OUR WEBSITE: https://www.OverlySarcasticProductions.com
Find us on Twitter https://www.Twitter.com/OSPYouTube
Find us on Reddit https://www.Reddit.com/r/OSP/

November 18, 2020

Did the Sea Peoples Sack Troy? Dr. Eric Cline | 1177BC | Bronze Age Collapse

Filed under: History, Middle East — Tags: , , , , , — Nicholas @ 04:00

The Study of Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Published 17 Nov 2020

In this episode the well renowned scholar and archaeologist Dr. Eric Cline (author of 1177BC) discusses his views on whether or not the Sea Peoples of the Late Bronze Age Collapse sacked Troy.

Basic overviews for beginners:

Trojan War Definition: a ten-year war waged by the confederated Greeks under Agamemnon against the Trojans to avenge the abduction of Helen, wife of Menelaus, by Paris, son of the Trojan king Priam, and ending in the plundering and burning of Troy.

The Late Bronze Age Collapse: This was a transition period in the Near East, Anatolia, the Aegean region, North Africa, the Caucasus, the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age, a transition which historians believe was violent, sudden, and culturally disruptive.

The Sea Peoples: A purported seafaring confederation that attacked ancient Egypt and other regions of the Eastern Mediterranean prior to and during the Late Bronze Age collapse (1200–900 BCE).

Support Dr. Eric Cline at the links below!

Personal web page: https://ehcline.com

Get all of his books here at his Amazon Author page:
https://www.amazon.com/s?i=stripbooks…

GW pages:
https://cnelc.columbian.gwu.edu/eric-…
https://anthropology.columbian.gwu.ed…
https://gwu.academia.edu/EricCline

Check out his lectures on the Great Courses! They are superb.
https://www.thegreatcourses.com/profe…

Audio Book Formats of his work on audible.
https://www.amazon.com/s?k=Eric+Cline…

Dr. Cline on the Modern Scholar:

History of Ancient Greece
https://www.amazon.com/Modern-Scholar…

Archaeology and the Iliad: The Trojan War in Homer and History
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001EI3IVU?…

The History of Ancient Israel: From the Patriarchs Through the Romans
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001JHT8CY?…

Check out our new store! teespring.com/stores/the-history-shop

Get your SEA PEOPLES Mediterranean Tour Shirt Today!
teespring.com/sea-peoples-mediterrane…

Hittite Coffee Mug: teespring.com/HittiteEmpireMug

To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter! https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_…

Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale

Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium!
http://spqr-emporium.com?aff=3
*Dislaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel!

Join our community!

Twitter: https://twitter.com/NickBarksdale
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/study_of_an…

Image credits: Manna Nader, Gabana Studios Cairo

Hittite 3D City and intro footage credits: 3D reconstruction of Imperial Hittite Karkemish by Giampaolo Luglio, Turco-Italian Archaeological Expedition to Karkemish directed by Nicolò Marchetti (University of Boologna)

KARKEMISH (Carchemish) 1300 BC (3D) – The Southern Capital of the Empire Hittite https://youtu.be/RsTdoY__F4U

Music Attribution: Herknungr – Megaliths | Dark Neolithic Meditive Shamanic Ambient Music https://youtu.be/oc8FQwNjPu0

Trojan Horse Art: https://www.deviantart.com/keithwormw…

November 2, 2020

Hammurabi & the First Babylonian Empire

Filed under: History, Law, Middle East — Tags: , , , — Nicholas @ 02:00

History Time
Published 19 Feb 2018

A brief look at Hammurabi, the most famous king of the Old Babylonian Empire (1830 – 1531 BC)

If you liked this video you can help support the channel here:-
http://www.patreon.com/historytimeUK

Are you a budding artist, illustrator, cartographer, or music producer? Send me a message! No matter how professional you are or even if you’re just starting out, I can always use new music and images in my videos. Get in touch! I’d love to hear from you.

I’ve compiled a reading list of my favourite history books via the Amazon influencer program. If you do choose to purchase any of these incredible sources of information then Amazon will send me a tiny fraction of the earnings (as long as you do it through the link) (this means more and better content in the future) I’ll keep adding to and updating the list as time goes on:-
https://www.amazon.com/shop/historytime

Music:-
Derek & Brandon Fiechter – “Byzantium”
Derek & Brandon Fiechter – “Assyrian Fortress”
Derek & Brandon Fiechter – “Hittite Chariots”

Recommended reading:-
Babylon, Paul Kriwaczek
The History of the Ancient World, Susan Bauer

I try to use copyright free images at all times. However if I have used any of your artwork or maps then please don’t hesitate to contact me and the appropriate credit can be given.

—Join the History Time community on social media:-
Instagram:-
https://www.instagram.com/historytime…
Twitter:-
https://twitter.com/HistoryTimeUK

October 28, 2020

Who were the Assyrians? History of the Assyrian Empire

Filed under: History, Middle East, Military — Tags: , , , — Nicholas @ 02:00

Epimetheus
Published 12 Dec 2018

Who were the Assyrians? The entire history of the Ancient Assyrian Empire explained in 11 Minutes.

Support new videos from Epimetheus on Patreon! 😀
https://www.patreon.com/Epimetheus1776

History of Assyria from its founding, Shamshi Adad, Tiglath Pileser III, Sargon, Ashurbanipal to the fall of Ninevah and the Assyrian Empire.

October 27, 2020

America’s “brutal system of slavery [was] unlike anything that had existed in the world before”

Filed under: Africa, Europe, History, Middle East, Politics, USA — Tags: , , , , , , — Nicholas @ 05:00

I missed this article by Kay S. Hymowitz when it was published by City Journal a couple of weeks back:

Auction at Richmond. (1834)
“Five hundred thousand strokes for freedom ; a series of anti-slavery tracts, of which half a million are now first issued by the friends of the Negro.” by Armistead, Wilson, 1819?-1868 and “Picture of slavery in the United States of America. ” by Bourne, George, 1780-1845
New York Public Library via Wikimedia Commons.

… slavery was a mundane fact in most human civilizations, neither questioned nor much thought about. It appeared in the earliest settlements of Sumer, Babylonia, China, and Egypt, and it continues in many parts of the world to this day. Far from grappling with whether slavery should be legal, the code of Hammurabi, civilization’s first known legal text, simply defines appropriate punishments for recalcitrant slaves (cutting off their ears) or those who help them escape (death). Both the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament take for granted the existence of slaves. Slavery was so firmly established in ancient Greece that Plato could not imagine his ideal Republic without them, though he rejected the idea of individual ownership in favor of state control. As for Rome, well, Spartacus, anyone?

In the ancient world, slaves were almost always captives from the era’s endless wars of conquest. They were forced to do all the heavy labor required for building and sustaining cities and towns: clearing forests; building roads, temples, and palaces; digging and transporting stone; hoeing fields; rowing galley ships; and marching to almost-certain death in the front line of battle. Women (and often enough boy) slaves had the task of servicing the sexual appetites of their masters. None of that changed with the arrival of a new millennium. Gaelic tribes took advantage of the fall of the Roman Empire to raid the west coast of England and Wales for strong bodies; one belonged to a 16-year-old later anointed St. Patrick, patron saint of Ireland. “In the slavery business, no tribe was fiercer or more feared than the Irish,” writes Thomas Cahill in How the Irish Saved Civilization.

Today, of course, the immorality of slave-owning is as clear as day. But in the premodern world, no neat division existed between evil slaveowners and their innocent victims. Once the Vikings arrived in their longboats in the 700s, the Irish enslavers found themselves the enslaved. Slavery became the commanding height of the Viking economy; Norsemen raided coastal villages across Europe and brought their captives to Dublin, which became one of the largest slave markets of the time. The Vikings thought of their slaves as more like cattle than people; the unlucky victims had to sleep alongside the domestic animals, according to the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen. Norsemen rounded up captured Irish men and women to settle the desolate landscape of Iceland; scientists have found Irish DNA in present-day Icelanders, a legacy of that time. The Slavic tribes in Eastern Europe were an especially fertile supplier for Viking slave traders as well as for Muslim dealers from Spain: their Latin name gave us the word slave. Slavs were evidently not deterred by the misery they must have suffered; when Viking power waned by the twelfth century, the Slavs turned around and enslaved Vikings as well as Greeks.

Slavery was a normal state of affairs well beyond the territory we now call Europe. The Mayans had slaves; the Aztecs harnessed the labor of captives to build their temples and then serve as human sacrifices at the altars they had helped construct. The ancient Near East and Asia Minor were chockfull of slaves, mostly from East Africa. According to eminent slavery scholar Orlando Patterson, East Africa was plundered for human chattel as far back as 1580 BC. Muhammad called for compassion for the enslaved, but that didn’t stop his followers from expanding their search for chattel beyond the east coast into the interior of Africa, where the trade flourished for many centuries before those first West Africans arrived in Jamestown. Throughout that time, African kings and merchants grew rich from capturing and selling the millions of African slaves sent through the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean to Persians and Ottomans.

From the fifteenth to the eighteenth centuries, the North African Barbary coast was a hub for “white slavery.” This episode was relatively short-lived in the global history of slavery, but one with overlooked impact on Western culture. Around 1619, just as the first Africans were being sailed from the African coast to Jamestown, Algerian and Tunisian pirates, or “corsairs” as they were known, were using their boats to raid seaside villages on the Mediterranean and Atlantic for slaves who happened in this case to be white. In 1631, Ottoman pirates sacked Baltimore on the southern coast of Ireland, capturing and enslaving the villagers. Around the same time, Iceland was raided by Barbary corsairs who took hundreds of prisoners, selling them into lifetime bondage.

October 19, 2020

Tank Chats #82 Challenger 1 | The Tank Museum

Filed under: Britain, History, Middle East, Military, Weapons — Tags: , , , , , , — Nicholas @ 02:00

The Tank Museum
Published 9 Aug 2019

David Willey, The Tank Museum Curator, discusses the development and deployment of the UK’s Main Battle Tank from 1983 – 2001, the Challenger 1.

Challenger 1 was in service with the British Army and saw action during the First Gulf War. It remains in service with the Jordanian Army.

Support the work of The Tank Museum on Patreon: ► https://www.patreon.com/tankmuseum

Visit The Tank Museum SHOP: ► https://tankmuseumshop.org/

Twitter: ► https://twitter.com/TankMuseum
Instagram: ► https://www.instagram.com/tankmuseum/
Tiger Tank Blog: ► http://blog.tiger-tank.com/
Tank 100 First World War Centenary Blog: ► http://tank100.com/

October 16, 2020

QotD: The Law of Abrogation

Filed under: Books, History, Middle East, Quotations, Religion — Tags: — Nicholas @ 01:00

Rather than say this myself, let me quote Dr. Patrick Sookhdeo, the “traditionalist” Anglican who directs the Institute for the Study of Islam and Christianity in London. He found himself recently trying to explain the crazy truth to a journalist who asked him about violent passages in the Koran, which Islamists quote constantly. “Is there no part of the Koran which modifies these violent texts in the way that we would say our New Testament modifies the Old Testament?”

Dr. Sookhdeo: “In fact the reverse is true. … All the peaceful passages that are enjoined on Muslims occur in the chapters written at Mecca. They are tolerant toward Jews and Christians. But when Muhammad gets to Medina and sets up his city/religious state, the tone towards other groups changes rapidly. The statements about slaying the pagans and killing the Jews and others occur there. Now in Islamic interpretation, all passages that are revealed later take precedence over those revealed earlier. This is known as the ‘law of abrogation’.”

David Warren, “Jihad Politics”, DavidWarrenOnline, 2005-08-03.

October 10, 2020

I AM Julius Caesar

Filed under: Europe, History, Middle East, Military — Tags: , , , , , , — Nicholas @ 02:00

The Study of Antiquity and the Middle Ages
Published 2 Jul 2020

Politician, warrior, priest, lover.

My name is Gaius Julius Caesar and I led one of the most extraordinary lives in recorded history.

My victories over foes both foreign and domestic are still studied today. I upended the Roman Republic and became its first dictator.

I loved Cleopatra.

My brutal assassination has been synonymous with bitter betrayal for 2000 years.

New videos from The Study of Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the I AM series allows the great figures of history to introduce themselves in brief, compelling, historically-accurate episodes. Look for more I AM videos of your favorites!

I AM Julius Caesar! Welcome to the first episode of the I AM series where you live history itself through the mind, viewpoints and lives of a historical character!

See and experience the world they lived and celebrate their triumphs and feel their defeats.

This first episode is on Julius Caesar, the revolutionary who set into place the foundations of what would become the Roman Empire.

This was written, directed and created by the extraordinary professional DW Draffin! He is an audio book narrator, stage actor, and independent author.

AUDIOBOOK NARRATOR
https://www.audible.com/search?search…

STAGE ACTOR
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTept…

INDEPENDENT AUTHOR
https://www.amazon.com/DW-Draffin/s?k…

If you need a professional then contact him!

To support the channel, become a Patron and make history matter!

Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/The_Study_of_…

Donate directly to PayPal: https://paypal.me/NickBarksdale

Check out our newly opened store!
teespring.com/stores/antiquity-and-th…

Get your SPQR Face Masks today!
https://spqr-emporium.com/collections…

Enjoy history merchandise? Check out affiliate link to SPQR Emporium!
http://spqr-emporium.com?aff=3

*Dislaimer, the link above is an affiliate link which means we will earn a generous commission from your magnificent purchase, just another way to help out the channel!

Join our community!

« Newer Posts — Older Posts »

Powered by WordPress